All the conditions listed in Article 3, Paragraph 2, of the Examination Law and Article 17, Paragraph 2, of the Public Functionaries Employment Act stipulate the negative qualifications of a public functionary in accordance with J.Y. Interpretation No.56.　 According to the forgoing J. Y. Interpretation, the term “negative qualifications” refers to, among others [Since the word “qualifications” is used here, other crimes besides graft or the taking of bribes must be included in the Law and Act mentioned above.], the act of taking graft, for which criminal act a public functionary has been sentenced by an irrevocable judgment. Even if such public functionary has been granted probation, he or she is not allowed to take a civil service examination or serve as a public functionary until the expiration of the probation period and the announcement of probation is quashed..